The entire education system is usually free in France. Some even qualify for free housing. On paper it's nice, but in reality it's a significant waste of money: too many students pursue higher education. How is too many possible, you might ask? Well, we need some manual labor to run a country, which there is a lack of because every kid wants to go to university (understandable individually speaking, but not scalable as a society). Not everyone is suited for long studies, too many students sign up because it's free, so "why not", then end up dropping out which is straight up wasted taxpayers money (over 10,000 euro per student per year if my memory serves me right). Not to mention the countless useless university degrees that are handed out every year in dubious fields. Long story short, I still support free education, but only:
- for students who have good potential and are serious about their endeavor
- for useful degrees such as STEM fields or anything else in high demand
Sure you should be free to try higher studies if you've had bad grades, or try to get a degree in something that that won't land you a real job, but don't demand tax money to be subsidizing these
Never heard of free housing in France for students. I also don't think that the problem comes from """free""" studies, but more from the fact that labor work are despised by society and taught to be bad by school teachers.
I don't think that university is for good students either, for you don't really need to be smart to end up there and I think having this system with welfare like scholarships and/or financial help to get bed, roof, food... is actually a very nice thing. In my opinion, the problem is more to say that manual jobs are bad and for stupid people, leading to 1) students to go to university without purpose, 2) only leaving incompetent/careless people as manual workers. Another problem is that some students, like you point out i guess, are still doing their bachelor after 7 years and/or change their field every year, don't care at all about their results/work.
However, I think you are right about the degree. In a race to give everyone a seat at the university, many diploma are just not worth it.
For the 10k/year, I think you are too nice. If it cost 10k/year for university, then you forget all what is around and make higher education everything but free. With APL, Crous room/studio (that are sometimes in bad shape...), scholarship, you can easily double that sum.
Also, and despite university being "free", you won't see a lot of children from workers there. People having a scholarship aren't the rule either, so most of students either are fully supported by their parents or have to work beside.
On my part, I think the welfare in France is enough to survive if you get a good scholarship (if you don't have a nice and rich family), at least when you are outside of Paris and it's good to have it so that grades don't get affected by having to work between courses, or at least not more than a few hours.